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54 Proofreader's Guide

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262
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Proofreader's Guide

Start-Up Activity

The “Proofreader’s Guide” is a reference section for punctuation, mechanics, spelling, commonly misused words, sentence structure, and parts of speech. Inform your students that a proofreader is someone who checks for mistakes in writing.

This section is designed to make the information easy to use. Have students turn to page 264. As they will see, the subject—periods—is at the top of the page in red. Each rule for using periods is named in bold black. Each rule is followed by an example.

With your help, students will learn to use the “Proofreader’s Guide” whenever they have a question about a certain rule. Such questions will naturally arise during the editing step of the writing process.

To help students learn about this section, have them individually or as a class complete the Proofreader's Scavenger Hunt:

  • Go to page 264. Name the second rule for using a period. (after an abbreviation)

  • Go to page 265. Name the third rule for using an exclamation point. (after an “excited” word)

  • Go to page 271. Name the first rule for using a capital letter. (for the first word in a sentence)

  • Go to page 274. Name the abbreviation for Sunday. (Sun.)

  • Go to page 286. Identify whether its or it’s in the contraction for ”it is.” (it’s)

  • Go to page 291. Name the second type of sentence listed on this page. (asking a question)

  • Go to page 294. Tell how pronouns are used. (Pronouns stand for nouns in sentences.)

Special Note: You should also help students use the index (pages 346–351) to access information about specific rules. You can do this by providing students with a series of Index-based questions like the following:

On what page would you find information about verbs in a sentence?

Think About It

“Your favorite writers may not know all the rules, but they have editors who do.”

 —Dave Kemper

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Page 263 from Write Away

Using Punctuation

Pages 263–269 cover the rules for using periods, question marks, exclamation points, commas, apostrophes, underlining, and quotation marks. To assess your students’ understanding of punctuation, have them (individually or as a class) punctuate sentences in the following activity.

  1. Justine and Jeremy are brothers
  2. Ms Jones is our teacher.
  3. Who likes to eat peas
  4. My grandpa was born on July 4  1960.
  5. My hobbies include camping fishing and biking.
  6. I can t wait for Saturday.
  7. We read Julius the Baby of the World.
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Page 270 from Write Away

Checking Mechanics

Pages 270–275 cover capitalization, plurals, numbers, and abbreviations. To assess your students’ understanding of the mechanics of the language, have them (individually or as a class) correct the sentences in this activity:

  1. frogs live in our woods.
  2. our first president was george washington.
  3. where is pine street?
  4. my brother saw three foxs.
  5. mom always tells great storys.
  6. our soccer coach is mr adams.
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Page 276 from Write Away

Checking Your Spelling

Pages 276–283 provide a list of spelling words that students can refer to when they are proofreading their writing. This section also contains tips for making a spelling notebook, using a spelling plan, and learning a few spelling “tricks.” Consider connecting this section with your discussion of the chapter starting on page 210—“Making New Words.”

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Page 284 from Write Away

Using the Right Word

Pages 284–289 list words that are commonly confused. Review these words as needed with your students and give them practice with especially troublesome pairs of words.

To assess your students’ understanding of commonly misused words, present the sentences in this activity. (If the underlined word in each sentence is correct, students should write “correct.” Otherwise, they should write the correct word.)

  1. I blew my nose. (correct)
  2. My book contains for poems. (four)
  3. I already knew that. (correct)
  4. Josie’s favorite color is read. (red)
  5. Did you sea the new teacher? (see)
  6. They’re building a fort. (correct)
  7. We were to late to catch the bus. (too)
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Page 290 from Write Away

Checking Your Sentences

Pages 290–291 cover the parts of sentences and the kinds of sentences. Connect this information with “Writing Sentences” on pages 53–55. To assess your students’ understanding of sentences, ask them questions like the ones from this activity.

Mrs. Landis babysits on Tuesdays.

  1. What is the subject in this sentence? (Mrs. Landis)
  2. What is the verb in this sentence? (babysits)
  3. What other words are in this sentence? (on Tuesdays)
  4. Are the subject and verb singular or plural? (singular)
  5. Is the sentence a telling or asking sentence? (telling)

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Page 292 from Write Away

Understanding Our Language

Pages 292–299 cover the parts of speech: nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections. Review the different parts of speech as needed with your students. To assess your students’ understanding of the parts of speech, ask them questions about the following sentence:

Maggie writes poems, and I draw funny pictures.

  1. What are the three nouns in the sentence? (Maggie, poems, and pictures)
  2. Which of these nouns is a proper noun? (Maggie)
  3. What is the pronoun in this sentence? (I)
  4. What are the two verbs in the sentence? (writes and draw)
  5. Are the verbs linking verbs or action verbs? (action verbs)
  6. What word is an adjective? (funny)
  7. What word is a conjunction? (and)
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Page 300 from Write Away

Using Theme Words

Pages 300–303 contain lists of theme words that students can use when they are working on writing projects. The four themes include days and months, season and weather, foods, and community words. Review these words with students as needed. Use these activities to help students become familiar with the theme words.

  • Days and months activity: Review the days and months listed on page 300. Then have students choose a few days and months and write sentences about them. Afterward, have volunteers share their sentences for discussion.
  • Seasons and weather activity: Review the season and weather words on page 301. Then ask students to write a story including as least four of these words in their writing. Afterward, have volunteers share their stories.
  • Food word activity: Review the food words on page 302. Then ask students to make three columns on their paper, titled Yummy, So-So, and Yuck. Have students sort the food words into the columns. Afterward, they can compare lists with a partner.
  • Community word activity: Review the community words on page 303. Then ask students to write a list poem, an ABC poem, or a name poem using words from this list. (See pages 153–159 in Write Away for these types of poems.) Afterward, display some of the students' poems.
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