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23 How-To Writing

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How-To Writing

Start-Up Activity

Ask students if any of them have babies in their families. If any students answer "yes," ask what the baby can do (sleep, cry, roll over, kick, laugh). Then ask students whether they can do all these same things. Ask them to list other things that they can do that babies can't do (speak, walk, ride a bike, read, draw). Then ask how they learned to do all of those things from the time they were babies until now.

Point out that growing up is learning one how-to lesson after another. We go from being able to do only a few things to being able to do many. And a person who can teach someone else how to do something is a real expert. This chapter will help students share their expertise.

Think About It

“The more that you read, the more things you will know. The more that you learn, the more places you'll go.”

—Dr. Seuss

Page 113 from Write Away

Two Kinds of Directions

Have a volunteer read the top model on this page. Then ask students how the sentences are organized (time order). Ask students what words help the writer show time order for the sentences (first, then, next, last). Ask why it is important to put directions in time order (so readers can do the same steps in order).

Have another volunteer read the bottom model. Ask students how this model shows time order (numbered steps). Ask students how each step starts (with a command verb). Ask why command verbs help readers follow directions (by telling just what to do in each step).

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Page 114 from Write Away

Writing a Set of Directions

Ask students what things they can do and what places they can go. Have them choose a topic for their how-to writing.

After they choose a topic, ask students to list steps in order. They might have to read about the process, try it out, or interview someone about it.

Once students have finished their prewriting, have them write their directions. Encourage them to use transitions (first, next, then, . . .) or numbers (1, 2, 3, . . .) to organize their steps. Also, suggest that students use command verbs to tell readers just what to do.

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Page 115 from Write Away

Revise and Edit

After students complete the first drafts of their directions, lead them through these tips for revising and editing. Provide the checklists to help students improve their writing.

 

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