32 Listening and Note Taking

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Listening and Note Taking Chapter Opener

Start Up Activity

Tell students you want them to take very careful notes about what you are going to say next. Then think of a student in the class with whom you have a good rapport and rapidly say the following (using the correct name and gendered pronouns, of course):

“I guess Maylee thinks she knows what I had for lunch yesterday, and she thinks it's the same thing many of you suspect that I have every day, but I think she is wrong, and I know most of you think I am right.“

After students finish taking their notes, ask for a volunteer to give you the gist of what you just said. Ask the rest of the class if they agree with the version the student has provided. Have students offer any additions or corrections. Then share the original statement once again (and be ready to tell students what you had for lunch yesterday).

Tell students they've just endured a boot-camp in listening and note taking. Sometimes lectures provide many details at a considerable clip, and students have to accurately record the gist and recall it later. This chapter will help with both sides of the issue: listening and note taking.

Think About It

“Education is the ability to listen to almost anything without losing your temper or your self-confidence.”

—Robert Frost

Page 442 from Write for College

Improving Listening Skills

As with viewing, the problem with listening is that students think it is so easy: They can do it effortlessly. Help them understand that they might be able to hear effortlessly, but listening requires effort.

To create awareness, provide students the Listening Survey to help them check their listening habits. Then lead them through the listening strategies that start on this page. Tell students to pay particular attention to the strategies that they rated lower on their surveys. They can apply these strategies to improve their listening abilities.

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Page 443 from Write for College

Listen for Patterns of Organization

Just as students use different patterns to organize their writing, they should listen for patterns used by speakers and other writers. These patterns of organization help reveal subject and purpose. For example, chronological organization deals with events that either occurred (narration) or should occur (process) in a given order.

Lead students through the five organizational patterns on this page, describing each and referring to the graphic. Also, let students know that they can analyze a lecture or text using the same graphic organizer that they would use to organize their own thinking.

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Page 444 from Write for College

Listening Guidelines (Cont.)

Use the listening guidelines on this page as an introduction to note taking (pages 445–450). Whereas previous pages dealt primarily with how to listen, this page focuses on what to listen for (and to write down in notes). Details, directions, reflections, and paraphrases should dominate note taking, all of it expressed using one's own shorthand. And use the tips at the bottom of the page to help students keep pace with rapid-fire delivery.

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Page 445 from Write for College

Taking Notes

Note taking helps students in numerous ways:

  • Capturing the main points and key details of lectures and readings
  • Focusing the mind on concepts as they come
  • Organizing information into a logical structure
  • Allowing reflection and review of material afterward
  • Involving visual, kinesthetic, and linguistic neural pathways to deepen learning
  • Helping students prepare for quizzes and tests on the material

Use the information on this page to help students set up their notes. Page 446 helps them take and review notes.

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Taking Notes During the Presentation (and Following Up Afterward)

Lead students through these best practices for note taking. Afterward, have students review the advice and find two tips they already use as well as two tips they could really benefit from trying. Then have them freewrite for five minutes about their note taking and how they can improve it.

For more support, direct students to note taking in science, social studies, and math.

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Page 447 from Write for College

Using a Note-Taking Guide

On this page and the one that follows, you'll find three approaches to note taking that go beyond single-column notes. Each emphasizes a different relationship between lecture, reading, and review. After considering each, think of which style might work best with your presentation style. Recommend that students experiment with that note-taking style in your classroom. (Of course, students should be allowed to use whatever approach works best for them.)

Here you'll find a note-taking approach that works well when the lecture closely follows the reading. Classes taught from a textbook can profit from this approach.

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Page 448 from Write for College

Adding a Review Column

The two note-taking options on this page incorporate a column for review. Reflection on ideas is a critical step in placing them in long-term memory. Also, reviewing notes provides students questions to ask in class, ideas for learning log entries, and preparation for assessment.

Present these two approaches that allow for review and encourage students to experiment with them.

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Creating a Mind Map

Mind maps allow students to reflect on their learning by visualizing the connectivity of ideas. Teach the technique on this page as a strategy for nonlinear logic, which involves both creative and critical thinking.

In prewriting, students use this technique to gather ideas for essays, and they call it "clustering." When used in the opposite way, to reflect on the relationship between ideas already gathered, the process is called "mind mapping."

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Creating a Shorthand System

Note taking has to keep up with speedy lectures and speed reading. As a result, students should develop their own shorthand abbreviations, allowing them to process ideas rapidly and accurately.

Lead students through the shorthand suggestions on this page. As you present each, ask who uses the technique in their notes. After covering all of the shorthand strategies, challenge students to review their notes and find as many shorthand strategies as they can. Then ask them to identify one or more strategies to try in the future.

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