41 Understanding Idioms

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Understanding Idioms Chapter Opener

Start-Up Activity

Tell your class, "Most Ancient Greeks were idiots." Give them a moment to respond with incredulity. Then provide them this etymology for the term:

Idiot: Middle English from Latin idiota (ignorant person), from Greek idiōtēs (private person, layman), from idios (own, private)

That's right, the word idiot originally just meant "private citizen." And an idiom is a "private saying" or one's "own saying." In other words, an idiom is a phrase that means something other than what the words themselves actually mean. To understand an idiom is to belong in the private group in which it is understood.

All languages have idioms, and different groups have their own idioms. Knowing them helps you be "in" rather than "out."

Think About It

“Each person is an idiom unto himself, an apparent violation of the syntax of the species.”

—Gordon W. Allport

Page 560 from Write for College

Understanding Idioms (Cont.)

Have students search online for three of these idioms. Students should type an idiom in quotes (e.g., "buzz words") into a search engine, find an interesting usage, and indicate the source.

"It's time to break from hackneyed buzz words that carry zero weight in the eyes of a recruiter or hiring manager." —Monster.Com

After finding three idioms "in the wild," students will have a richer sense of how the phrases are typically used.

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Page 561 from Write for College

Understanding Idioms (Cont.)

A number of the idioms on this page deal with "ground" and "down":

  • From the ground up
  • Get down to business
  • Go down swinging
  • Hit the ground running

Have students read the definitions and examples of each of these idioms. Taken together, what do they tell us about our ideas of "ground" and "down"?

Other idioms deal with "hands":

  • Get the upper hand
  • Go hand in hand
  • Hands are tied.

Have students read the definitions and examples of each of these idioms. Taken together, what do they tell us about our ideas of "hands"?

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Page 562 from Write for College

Understanding Idioms (Cont.)

Challenge students to use as many idioms from this page as they can (correctly) in a single sentence. The result will be a confused mess, of course, but it should at least make a little sense:

New employees are in the same boat: they must learn the ropes, stay on the ball, and knuckle down to show that they mean business, or they'll be out the window.

Have students share their sentences with each other.

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Understanding Idioms (Cont.)

After students have read and studied the meanings of the idioms on this page, ask them to write a brief story using idioms in a literal way:

I had a rude awakening when waves rocked the boat. I felt numb and had to shake a leg to stand up. I put my best foot forward and stepped over and above the stern seat to start the motor and shift into high gear.

Have students count how many idioms they can use in literal ways in their writing (in this case, six).

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Page 564 from Write for College

Understanding Idioms (Cont.)

Have students read this page of idioms and pick out the one they like best. Have them tell why they like it and use it in a sentence.

Then ask students which idiom they like least and why. Have them use the least-favorite idiom in a sentence.

Afterward, have students share their sentences and rationales with each other.

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