36 Answering Document-Based Questions

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Answering Document-Based Questions Chapter Opener

Start-Up Activity

Ask students about a series of topics: What do you know about the . . .

  • newest blockbuster?
  • best new song?
  • biggest athlete?
  • latest scandal?

After they respond, ask students how they know what they know. Most will say they have seen the movie or a trailer, have heard the song or watched the game, have seen the news or read about it on social media or heard about it from friends. Most often, students know about something by drawing on multiple sources—the game, the post-game report, the news coverage, the fantasy-football stats, etc. They often combine evidence from a variety of sources to reach a conclusion.

Let them know they do the same thing when they respond to a document-based question. They read and view a series of documents about a topic and then answer a question about the topic by using evidence from the documents.

Think About It

“Reading is a discount ticket to everywhere.”

—Mary Schmich

TEKS Covered in This Chapter

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Responding Tips

Document-based questions (DBQs) simulate research writing in an on-demand environment. They require students to closely read a set of documents about a given topic and respond to a prompt using evidence from the documents.

Lead students through the process of responding to DBQs: analyzing the documents and prompt, drafting a response, and rapidly revising and editing.

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Sample Documents

On this page and those that follow, students will find documents relating to health-care costs. Before they closely read the documents, have them turn to page 493 to read the DBQ:

The United States is a wealthy nation, but it has struggled to provide affordable health-care coverage to its citizens. How extensive is this crisis, and what can be done to solve it?
Develop an essay that answers the question above, drawing on information from the six documents and from your own knowledge of the issue.

Have them analyze this question by identifying the Purpose, Audience, Subject, and Type of response. Understanding the prompt will help them read the documents more purposefully.

Then have students closely read each document, responding to the task beneath each.

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DOCUMENT TWO

Unlike the essay in the first document, this document provides quotations from people on both sides of the issue. The task at the bottom of the page helps students sort out the different types of responses and the viewpoints they provide.

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DOCUMENTS THREE AND FOUR

These two documents address the issue using visuals. Students need to carefully analyze the data presented in the line graph, seeing the major trends. They also need to interpret the cartoon and caption for a lighter and more cultural take on the issue. Have students perform each task to help them analyze the documents.

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DOCUMENTS FIVE AND SIX

The fifth document requires students to analyze a map and legend, noting trends in health-insurance options in different states. The sixth document is a paragraph that provides an alternative viewpoint on the matter. Both tasks help students understand the documents.

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Sample DBQ and Response

You can use this page and the one that follows as an example DBQ and response, helping students know what is expected. Or you can provide students the prompt but require them to write their own responses—practicing the process themselves. If you do the latter, have students compare their completed responses to the one presented here.

Help students see how the writer of the sample uses evidence from the sources. The writer names the source and provides either a paraphrase or a quotation. Also, the evidence does not overwhelm the discussion, instead providing key details that punctuate the writer's point.

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Sample DBQ and Response (Cont.)

Have students finish reading the sample response. If they have written their own DBQ responses, provide the Checklist for Reviewing Your Response to help them revise and edit. Remind them that they will not have this checklist in an actual testing situation. However, they should still ask themselves these sorts of questions as they improve their responses.

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