36 Writing Summaries

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Writing Summaries

Start-Up Activity

To introduce your students to summarizing, try a “sentence summary.” Present the following long sentence (65 words) to your class:

After the long day’s drive to Yellowstone Park, the girls helped their dad unpack the tent and camp stove, the rolls of sleeping bags, the duffel bags of clothes, the boxes of food, and the containers of water, but as they hoisted the canoe off the car roof, Mom suddenly called out that something was missing—the canvas bag containing the tent poles and stakes.  

Then ask students to summarize this sentence, reducing the number of words by about half (to 32). Then ask them to pare the sentence down again to about half that number (to 16).

 

Think About It

“Writing a summary is a little like squeezing out toothpaste. You squeeze out just what you need and leave the rest in the tube.”

 

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Developing a Summary

Lead your students through the tips for taking notes while reading. Each tip will help them find the most important information in the reading. Remind students that it might be necessary to reread parts of a selection to understand the important ideas. 

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Developing a Summary (Continued)

Review the sample of an annotated reading. Suggest students annotate their readings but only if they are working on a printout or a text that they own. If time permits, demonstrate your own annotations in a reading selection of your choosing. 

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Writing, Revising, and Editing (Continued)

Walk students through the steps for writing a summary. Typically, summaries should be less than a third the size of the original, often only one paragraph. (Longer summaries may be necessary for long readings.) Reiterate the importance of paraphrasing (stating important ideas from the reading in one's own words). You can have students practice this skill using the minilesson. 

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Sample Summary

Ask for a volunteer to read the original selection out loud for the class. Afterward, read the sample summary. Note the details the writer chose to include in the summary, presented in the writer's own words (paraphrased).

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