13 Writing Techniques and Terms

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Writing Techniques and Terms

Start-Up Activity

Display these four techniques: oxymoron, sarcasm, paradox, and foreshadowing and the four sentences below. Ask your students which sentence is an example of each technique (or download and distribute the activity).

  • An ominous ceiling of dark clouds hovered over the mansion. A strong, cold wind gave Allison goosebumps. (foreshadowing)
  • The hard work produced a good ache. (oxymoron)
  • “Pardon me, Your Royal Highness,” her little brother said, crossing his eyes and bowing to her mockingly. (sarcasm)
  • The more research I did, the less I seemed to understand. (paradox)

Discuss the students’ responses. Then read and discuss the introduction on page 115. Inform students that this chapter explains techniques like the four above.

Think About It

“Good prose is like a window pane.”

—George Orwell

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Page 116 from Write on Course 20-20

Writing Techniques

The techniques listed on the next three pages identify methods that writers employ to make their writing more interesting and engaging. Discuss the techniques on page 116 as needed with your students. For example, students should come to know allusion, analogy, and anecdotes, each of which is often used in essays. Consider having students find examples of these three techniques to share.

Or, as an alternative, you might ask them to write examples of each. For instance, you could have students write an interesting anecdote that illustrates friendship, hope, or forgiveness

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Page 117 from Write on Course 20-20

Writing Techniques (Continued)

Discuss the techniques on this page as needed with your students. Three techniques of importance on this page are irony, metaphor, and paradox. Give careful attention to metaphors, since forming comparisons is an effective way to make complex ideas clearer to the reader. Have students write metaphors to share for discussion.

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Page 118 from Write on Course 20-20

Writing Techniques (Continued)

Discuss the techniques on this page as needed with your students. Students should be made aware of parallelism, sensory details, and simile. Have students write examples of parallel structure and similes to share. Also have them use sensory details in a brief description of a popular place.

Consider having students review these three pages and write examples for five techniques that are completely new to them. Then have them share their examples for discussion.

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Page 119 from Write on Course 20-20

Writing Terms

These three pages identify terms that address the working parts of writing. Discuss the terms on page 119 as needed with your students. Be sure that students gain a clear understanding of argumentation and coherence. Refer to pages 193-198 for more on argumentation and page 100 for more on coherence.

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Page 120 from Write on Course 20-20

Writing Terms (Continued)

Discuss these terms as needed with your students. Two terms of special interest include figurative language and literal, because they are essentially opposites. Ask students to explain a challenging idea or concept literally and figuratively. Another important term on this page is logic, since building a strong argument is based on logical thinking

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Page 121 from Write on Course 20-20

Writing Terms (Continued)

Discuss the terms on this page as needed with your students, especially objective and subjective. Students must strive for objectivity in their informational writing. They should also understand the term prose, which is used to identify standard, sentence-based writing.

Have students select one writing term to illustrate with a drawing. For example, brainstorming could be illustrated by showing an electrical storm hovering around the top half of someone’s head.

Provide students with a series of definitions like the ones below and have them identify the term each one defines. Download and distribute the activity.

  • Collecting ideas by thinking freely (brainstorming)
  • The rules that govern the standard structures of the language (grammar)
  • The summary or final part in an essay (ending or closing)
  • Writing that tells a story or recounts an event (narrative)
  • Wring that gives factual information without adding feelings (objective)
  • Writing that includes personal feelings (subjective)
  • A writer’s tone and style (voice)
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