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Listening

When a computer runs too many programs at once, the app you are using slows and might even crash. Your brain is the same. To really listen, you need to shut down other thoughts and give your full processing speed and memory to what is happening.

■ Listen actively.

Think about what you are hearing. Let the speaker know you are listening. Make eye contact, nod your head, and remain attentive. Jot down key points. Ask a good question or offer a compliment or comment.

■ Listen accurately.

Don’t just “get the gist.” Listen for details: who? what? where? when? why? how? When the speaker stops, check your understanding by summarizing the ideas: “So, you’re saying . . .” If the speaker corrects your summary or adds anything, make a mental note or write it down. Listening for and repeating facts helps you remember what you’ve heard.

■ Know when—and how—to interrupt.

If you are a good listener, sooner or later you will have a comment, a question, or an important fact to add. Even so, interrupting someone who is speaking is not usually a good idea.